Laser-assisted guiding of electric discharges around objects

Electric breakdown in air occurs for electric fields exceeding 34 kV/cm and results in a large current surge that propagates along unpredictable trajectories. Guiding such currents across specific paths in a controllable manner could allow protection against lightning strikes and high-voltage capacitor discharges. Such capabilities can be used for delivering charge to specific targets, for electronic jamming, or for applications associated with electric welding and machining. We show that judiciously shaped laser radiation can be effectively used to manipulate the discharge along a complex path and to produce electric discharges that unfold along a predefined trajectory. Remarkably, such laser-induced arcing can even circumvent an object that completely occludes the line of sight

Thin low-gain avalanche detectors for particle therapy applications

none18The University of Torino (UniTO) and the National Institute for Nuclear Physics (INFN-TO) are investigating the use of Ultra Fast Silicon Detectors (UFSD) for beam monitoring in radiobiological experiments with therapeutic proton beams. The single particle identification approach of solid state detectors aims at increasing the sensitivity and reducing the response time of the conventional monitoring devices, based on gas detectors. Two prototype systems are being developed to count the number of beam particles and to measure the beam energy with time-of-flight (ToF) techniques. The clinically driven precision (< 1%) in the number of particles delivered and the uncertainty < 1 mm in the depth of penetration (range) in radiobiological experiments (up to 108 protons/s fluxes) are the goals to be pursued. The future translation into clinics would allow the implementation of faster and more accurate treatment modalities, nowadays prevented by the limits of state-of-the-art beam monitors. The experimental results performed with clinical proton beams at CNAO (Centro Nazionale di Adroterapia Oncologica, Pavia) and CPT (Centro di Protonterapia, Trento) showed a counting inefficiency <2% up to 100 MHz/cm2, and a deviation of few hundreds of keV of measured beam energies with respect to nominal ones. The progresses of the project are reported.noneVignati, A.; Donetti, M.; Fausti, F.; Ferrero, M.; Giordanengo, S.; Hammad Ali, O.; Mart Villarreal, O.A.; Mas Milian, F.; Mazza, G.; Monaco, V.; Sacchi, R.; Shakarami, Z.; Sola, V.; Staiano, A.; Tommasino, F.; Verroi, E.; Wheadon, R.; Cirio, R.Vignati, A.; Donetti, M.; Fausti, F.; Ferrero, M.; Giordanengo, S.; Hammad Ali, O.; Mart Villarreal, O. A.; Mas Milian, F.; Mazza, G.; Monaco, V.; Sacchi, R.; Shakarami, Z.; Sola, V.; Staiano, A.; Tommasino, F.; Verroi, E.; Wheadon, R.; Cirio, R

The Use of Sulfasalazine in Atrophie Blanche

Atrophie blanche can be a chronic condition for which there is no satisfactory treatment. Two patients with atrophie blanche who had not responded to various therapeutic modalities were given a trial of sulfasalazine 1 g three times daily. The ulcers healed within 3 months in both cases. In view of these positive results, patients should be treated with sulfasalazine to determine the efficacy of this drug in atrophie blanche.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/65527/1/j.1365-4362.1990.tb02594.x.pd